What are common symptoms of a foodborne illness?

The presence of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever are well-established symptoms of foodborne illnesses. These symptoms arise from the body's response to harmful pathogens or toxins that may be present in contaminated food. Nausea and vomiting are common as the body attempts to expel the harmful substances, while diarrhea serves to eliminate pathogens from the intestinal tract. Abdominal cramps are often a result of inflammation and irritation in the digestive system caused by these harmful agents. Fever can occur as a systemic response to infection, signaling that the body is fighting off the intruders.

In contrast, the other choices encompass symptoms that may relate to various other health issues but do not directly align with typical foodborne illnesses. For instance, while headaches and fatigue might accompany some infections, they are not specific to foodborne pathogens. Symptoms like coughing and sneezing typically suggest respiratory conditions rather than gastrointestinal disturbances, which are the hallmark of foodborne illnesses. Understanding these specific symptoms is crucial for identifying potential cases of foodborne illness and taking appropriate measures for safety and response.