Define the term "food allergen."

The term "food allergen" specifically refers to a substance that can cause an allergic reaction in some individuals. This typically involves certain proteins found in specific foods that provoke an immune response in people who are sensitive or allergic to them. Common food allergens include proteins from peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, milk, eggs, wheat, and soy. When a person with a food allergy ingests the allergen, their immune system mistakenly identifies it as a harmful substance, triggering symptoms that can range from mild hives to severe anaphylaxis.

Understanding food allergens is crucial for food safety, especially in settings like restaurants or food manufacturing where cross-contact can occur. This knowledge helps in the preparation and labeling of food products, ensuring that individuals with food allergies are protected from potential exposure to harmful ingredients.